how the state formed

[assasin7]

I think to decide how the state formed we should look at how gangs (which are the best examples of states forming today) got started:

Generally as defense agencies, in poor, economically isolated communities. In this example its generally racial or cultural isolation, but it could be physical, as well, these gangs form in areas where its difficult for people to leave and where money was scarce, and community was strong (patriotism comes from the local communities strength)

[Euler]

Governments adopt from other models of social organization besides gangs so you would really narrowing your research by needlessly limiting it to just gang creation. You'll also just want to explore general tribe/herd structures in mammals.

[braindead0]

Look to Irish/Scottish clan organization and their interactions with neighboring clans..  You'll see a very clear parallel with nations there (inter clan skirmishes, thefts..etc)..

[MAM]

First I have a question, what is this for and what level of detail would you like? John Locke had some good stuff on the formation of States via his Natural Rights philosophy.